The United States entered the conflict with Iran suffering from extreme overconfidence fueled by the appearances of a swift victory in Venezuela. Trump dismissed risks to oil markets and ignored asymmetric lessons from the war in Ukraine. Iran effectively closed the Strait of Hormuz using inexpensive drones to target global shipping insurance. The strategic failure echoes past mistakes in Vietnam and Afghanistan where material superiority failed against resilient adversaries.
energy crisis
Malaise from Jimmy Carter to Barack Obama: Recalling the “Crisis of Confidence” Speech
Jimmy Carter’s malaise speech is revisited in the more positive context in which it was initially received, when the nation faced an energy and self-confidence crisis. Barack Obama is not in Carter territory yet.